RESUMO
Objectives: To compare the efficacy of combination of lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1, lactobacillus bulgaricus, bifidobacterium infantis in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates with placebo. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Duration of Study: May 2012 to October 2012. Setting: Department of Pediatric Medicine, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad
Methodology: Over 6 months, 220 preterm neonates meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and were assigned randomly to two groups after parental informed consent was obtained. The neonates in study group received probiotic with breast milk or preterm formula milk and neonates in control group received breast milk or preterm formula milk. Both groups were observed for the development of clinical evidence of NEC. The Data was statistically analyzed; Chi square test and Fischer's exact test was applied to compare both groups for presence of NEC
Results: The number of days required to reach full enteral feeding [study group 8.73 +/- 3.87 days vs control group 10.72 +/- 5.43 days; p-value 0.002] and duration of hospital stay was [study group 11.35 +/- 6.74 vs control group 15.35 +/- 10.29; p-value 0.001] significantly low in the probiotic-exposed group compared with the control. The incidence of NEC [study group 10.0% vs control group 22.72%; p-value 0.011] was significantly low in the probiotic-exposed group when compared with non-exposed group
Conclusion: Alteration of microbial florae following oral supplementation of probiotics along with human milk have beneficial effects in reducing the incidence of NEC especially in pre-term neonates
RESUMO
Objective: To compare the efficacy of prednisolone as an adjunct to conventional treatment or conventional treatment alone in patients of bronchiolitis
Study Design: Randomized controlled trial
Place and Duration of Study: Pediatric medicine department Allied Hospital Faisalabad, six months from August 2013 to January 2014
Methodology: Eighty patients of acute bronchiolitis, aged 3months to 2 years presenting in pediatric emergency were enrolled for study. Patients were divided into groups A and B each consisting of 40 patients. Group A received oral prednisolone 2mg/kg/day in three divided doses with conventional treatment while group B was given conventional therapy only. Frequency and percentages were calculated for gender while mean and standard deviation was calculated for age and days of hospitalization. Efficacy was measured after 72hr of treatment by observing persistence of rhonchi in both groups. Chi-square test was applied with significance at <0.05 to compare the efficacy
Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 13.78 +/- 6.53 months and in group B it was 14.8 +/- 5.19 months. There were 46[57.5%] male and 34 [33.5%] female patients. In group B, 27[67.5%] patients were having rhonchi on third day of admission as compared to only 9 [22.5%] patients in group A who were having ronchi. Hospital stay was more than 3 days in both groups. Mean hospital stay in experimental group was 4.72 +/- 1.17 days while in control group it was 5.72 +/- 1.5 days
Conclusion: In acute bronchiolitis use of oral prednisolone with conventional therapy reduces rhonchi and decreases days of hospitalization as well